| Interaction between Leishmania Parasite and Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniasis |
| Paper ID : 1069-3IICE (R1) |
| Authors: |
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Nasibeh Hosseini-Vasoukolaei *1, Fatemeh Jafari2 1department of medical entomology, faculty of health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran |
| Abstract: |
| Introduction and purpose: Leishmaniasis are neglected diseases that are endemic in more than half of the provinces of Iran. The causative agent of this disease is Leishmania protozoa and its transmission to human is through the bites of phlebotomine sand flies. This study reviews the growth and development of Leishmania in the body of sand flies at the molecular level. Methods: In this study a narrative review was carried out. The data was collected by searching the keywords of Leishmania, sand fly, phlebotomus, lutzomyia in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, SID, Web of Science, Ovid Medline, and Google Scholar search engine. The studied articles were those which has been published on the interaction between the sand fly vectors and Leishmania parasite until 2018. Results: The parasites grow when they encounter natural barriers in the body of the sand flies, including proteolysis enzymes, peritrophic membrane, excretion of the digestive system, and immune system in sand fly vectors. Successful attachment of Leishmania to sand fly digestive tract determines the ability of sand fly to support the development of parasite, which leads to the transmission of leishmaniasis. In non-vector sand fly species the Leishmania parasite do not attach to the epithelial cell of sand fly gut and would be excreted. Conclusion: Studies on the development and life cycle of Leishmania within the body of sand flies are of most importance due to the spread of leishmaniasis in Iran and the world, difficulty in their control, and lack of effective vaccine products against leishmaniasis. The findings of the current study aimed at identifying and enhancing the natural barriers to the development of Leishmania in sand fly vectors and introducing new strategies for the control of leishmaniasis. |
| Keywords: |
| Keywords: Immune system, Leishmania, Peritrophic membrane, Proteolytic enzymes, Sand fly |
| Status : Paper Accepted (Poster Presentation) |
